Translation Japanese English: である

1 advert, aim, be, bring up, cite, drive, get, mention, name, propose, purport, purpose, refer.

2 appear, be, come along, come out.

3 arrive, be, come, consist, dwell, exist, get, lie, lie in, rest, stand.

4 arrive, be, come, exist, get, live.

5 be, build, cause, construct, cook, create, do, draw, echo, equal, fix, get, give, have, induce, make, make up, perform, prepare, produce, ready, repeat, run, score, seduce, stimulate, take over.

6 be, carry, cause, come about, experience, fall out, feature, get, give, go on, hap, happen, have, have got, hold, induce, live, make, occur, own, pack, pass, pass off, possess, receive, stimulate, take, take place, throw.

7 be, characterise, characterize, comprise, consist, constitute, cost, eavesdrop, embody, exist, feature, have, have got, hold, intend, interrelate, listen in, live, make up, mean, own, personify, possess, qualify, read, relate, represent, show, signify, stand for, take, think.

8 be, come, exist, go, lie, live, move, stand.

9 be, comprise, constitute, cost, embody, equal, exist, follow, live, make up, personify, represent.